publication
Quantifying the contribution of land use to N2O, NO and CO2 fluxes in a montane forest ecosystem of Kenya
Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)
Abstract
Increasing demand for food and fibre by the growing human population is driving significant land use (LU) change from forest into intensively managed land systems in tropical areas. But empirical evidence on the extent to which such changes affect the soil-atmosphere exchange of trace gases is still scarce, especially in Africa. We investigated the effect of LU on soil…
publication
An expert system model for mapping tropical wetlands and peatlands reveals South America as the largest contributor
Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)
Abstract
Wetlands are important providers of ecosystem services and key regulators of climate change. They positively contribute to global warming through their greenhouse gas emissions, and negatively through the accumulation of organic material in histosols, particularly in peatlands. Our understanding of wetlands’ services is currently constrained by…
publication
Research on Climate Change Policies and Rural Development in Latin America: Scope and Gaps
Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)
Abstract
Research on climate change policies can contribute to policy development by building an understanding of the barriers faced in policy processes, and by providing knowledge needed throughout policy cycles. This paper explores the thematic coverage of research on climate change policies related to rural areas, rural development, and natural resource management in Latin America. A three-…
publication
Paying for avoided deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon: from cost assessment to scheme design
Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)
Abstract
Reducing emissions from deforestation and degradation (REDD) is considered a signifi cant mitigation opportunity. Forest loss in the Brazilian Amazon has traditionally been highest in the world and, thus, represents a likely target for future REDD initiatives. The paper presents an ex-ante assessment of the potential REDD costs in two of the three largest states in the Brazilian…
publication
Selection of Forages for the Tropics (SoFT) - a database and selection tool for identifying forages adapted to local conditions in the tropics and subtropics
International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI)
https://hdl.handle.net/10568/1950
Abstract
Rising populations and incomes in developing countries are likely to double demand for livestock products by 2020 (Delgado et al. 1999). This strong demand has potential to improve profitability for farmers but will require improved animal feeding in both semi-…
publication
Quantitative Trait Locus Analysis of Seed Phosphorus and Seed Phytate Content in a Recombinant Inbred Line Population of Common Bean
Department for International Development (DFID)
Abstract
Phytate is an important antinutritional component of legume seeds, which chelates minerals that are essential to the human diet such as iron and zinc. Phytate levels are often correlated with total seed phosphorus (P). The objective of this research was to evaluate quantitative trait loci (QTL) for seed P and phytate content in an inter-gene pool…
publication
Threats to cassava production: known and potential geographic distribution of four key biotic constraints
Department for International Development (DFID)
Abstract
Insect pests and plant diseases reduce cassava yields substantially, posing a threat to food security throughout the developing world. While agricultural scientists have recognized these threats, few assessments of the geographic distribution of cassava pests and diseases have been made at the global scale. The goal of this study is to make such an evaluation for four key…
publication
Relationship between the kinetics of ?-carotene degradation and formation of norisoprenoids in the storage of dried sweet potato chips
Department for International Development (DFID)
Abstract
The effects of storage temperature (10; 20; 30; 40 °C), water activity (0.13; 0.30; 0.51; 0.76) and oxygen level (0%; 2.5%; 10%; 21%) on the degradation of carotenoids and formation of volatile compounds during storage of dried sweet potato chips were evaluated. A kinetic model was developed for degradation of trans-β-carotene and it showed…
publication
Investigating the efficiency of the single backcrossing breeding strategy through computer simulation
Department for International Development (DFID)
Abstract
A strategy combining single backcrossing with selected bulk breeding has been successfully used in wheat improvement at CIMMYT to introgress rust resistant genes from donor parents to elite adapted cultivars. In this research, the efficiency of this breeding strategy was compared to other crossing and selection strategies through computer simulation. Results indicated this…
publication
Patterns of participation in farmers? research groups: Lessons from the highlands of southwestern Uganda
Department for International Development (DFID)
Abstract
There is increasing interest in farmersâ?? organizations as an effective approach to farmer participatory research (FPR). Using data from an empirical study of farmersâ?? research groups (FRGs) in Uganda, this paper examines the patterns of participation in groups and answers questions such as: Who participates? What types of participation? How does participation occur? What…
article
Personas monitoras del clima: Liderazgos que transforman la resiliencia en Guatemala
Mónica Paola Hernández
Comunidades de territorios rurales de Guatemala con alta vulnerabilidad climática fortalecen su resiliencia a través de datos locales, liderazgo comunitario y redes de monitoreo.
La variabilidad y los choques climáticos en Guatemala están redefiniendo la…
publication
Variation of quality traits in cassava roots evaluated in landraces and improved clones
Department for International Development (DFID)
Abstract
About 70 million people obtain more than 500 cal per day from cassava roots. The crop is fundamental as food security of poor rural communities, but little is known about variability of root nutritional and quality traits. Roots from 2457 genotypes comprising landraces and improved clones, were screened for their nutritional (cyanogenic potential, carotene, minerals, and sugars contents) and…
publication
Identification and origin of races of Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola from Africa and other bean growing areas
Department for International Development (DFID)
Abstract
Isolates of Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola from Africa and other bean growing areas were categorized into nine races on the basis of their reactions to eight differential cultivars following artificial inoculation. Eight hundred and ninety-three isolates representing 303 disease occurrences were initially identified as P.s. pv. phaseolicola by their…
publication
After All, Land Belongs to the State : Examining the Benefits of Land Registration for Smallholders in Ethiopia
Abstract
The role of land registration in reducing rural poverty has been debated for several decades. This article analyses the impacts of land registration on land rentals, security of land tenure, disputes over land, use of credit facilities from formal financial institutions and gender access and control over land. Our findings are based on data collected between April and December 2011 in irrigation systems in three regional states of…
publication
Internal mechanisms of plant adaptation to aluminum toxicity and phosphorus starvation in three tropical forages
International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT)
https://hdl.handle.net/10568/77692
Abstract
Many tropical forage grasses and legumes grow well in acid soils, adapting to excess aluminum (Al) and phosphorus (P) starvation stresses by using mechanisms that are still unclear. To determine these mechanisms, responses to Al toxicity and P starvation in three tropical forages were studied: two grasses,…
