Mainstreaming Efficient Legume Seed Systems in Eastern Africa: Challenges, opportunities and contributions towards improved livelihoods

This technical paper begins with an introduction to grain legumes and their importance in Eastern Africa, followed by trends in production and productivity, variety development, release and promotion. It proposes and describes 12 basic principles necessary to mainstream legume seed systems (and thereby legume production and utilization) in crop development programmes for sustainable agricultural intensification in Eastern Africa. These principles include a closer look at the legume seed theory of change, taking note of how the various players help move activities of stakeholders through outputs, outcomes and impacts and how they interact through spheres of action, influence and interest; innovative approaches for early-generation seed (EGS) supply; a connection between EGS and commercial class seed; strong policy environment; strong institutional framework; multistakeholder involvement; linkage to utilization and markets; and the role of legumes in empowering women and youth