Strategic investments for implementing Ethiopia’s NDC 3.0: Guidance from the climate smart agriculture investment plan

Ethiopia's Climate-Smart Agriculture Investment Plan (CSAIP) played a pivotal role in transitioning its Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC 3.0) from high-level targets into a credible, actionable strategy. By providing a prioritized and costed investment framework, the CSAIP enhanced the implementation readiness of the agricultural sector’s climate commitments. It promotes a synergistic approach to adaptation and mitigation, embedding practices that concurrently increase productivity, resilience, and emission reductions. Accelerating NDC 3.0 implementation now requires mobilizing finance and strengthening systems, using the CSAIP as the core pipeline to deploy blended finance, risk instruments, partnerships, and essential services for transformative climate action aligned with national development goals.