Evaluation of data pre-processing and regression models for estimation of soil organic carbon using Vis–NIR spectroscopy in acid soils of Colombian tropical savanna

Soil organic carbon (SOC) plays a critical role
in terrestrial ecosystem functioning and
global climate regulation.
• The SOC pool in agricultural soils maintains
fertility, supports sustainable development,
and is essential for national food security
(Bangelesa et al. 2020).
• Rapid and accurate SOC estimation using
near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy can
support sustainable agricultural
development and climate strategies—
especially in tropical savanna soils.